“Customer first Technology next” is the message from Yale Conference

The Yale Consumer Insights Conference  on “Marketing and Innovation in a Shrinking World” was  today. Dean Sharon Oster opened the conference with a reference to the momentous people’s  movement  in the Middle East and the enabling power of the Internet and social media which was echoed, in the marketing context, by several other speakers.

A consistent theme that emerged  was that it was imperative to first  understand customer needs  and  then think of technology. The focus of all speakers was not sophisticated surveys and advanced statistics  but rather a change  in the marketer and organization mindset to be willing to look at global consumers with a genuinely open and receptive mind. Here are some highlights:

  • Denise Morrison of Campbell Soup  explained how Campbell soup realized that baby boomers are getting to be sodium conscious and how the company was able to re-invent its products and happily win an award from the American Heart Association. From Russia to China and elsewhere there were examples of how Campbell Soup really goes in to understand the housewife,  in her kitchen, to formulate relevant healthy market offerings.
  • Beth Comstock of GE  also emphasized the need to first look at markets and needs and  discussed  the development of a neo-natal “Lullaby warmer” for Tier-3 Indian city hospitals when GE  understood that only the upper end hospitals in the Indian metros could afford  expensive western solutions.
  • Alfredo Gangotena of Mastercard talked about continuing the priceless campaign, now on the Internet with such innovations as Mastercard Marketplace.
  • Ravi Chaturvedi  formerly P&G explained the need for shampoo marketers to first understand hair wash frequency in each country/region  before putting in the technology. For eg. if you wash your hair every day, a light perfume  could really become  intolerably strong in  a week unless the perfume designers considered product use in formulation.
  • Keith Ferazzi   energized the audience by  talking about key personal relationships and the need to be generous and more open as individuals.Keith also signed copies of his book “Who’s got your back?”

It was interesting how top marketers from a diverse set of industries seem to put customer ahead of technology. Sort of like the Edison quote “I never perfected an invention that I did not think about in terms of the service it might give others… I find out what the world needs, then I proceed to invent it.”

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35B$ Boeng mega contract to create jobs in low-cost US locations: what about high cost States?

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The Boeing contract is great news and there are some lucky folks in Washington State and Kansas who will find jobs. Both State Governors and leaders pulled out all the stops to help Boeing with the sale  that took  10 (yes ten !) years. Talk about a long B2B sales cycle with numerous twists and turns.

Interestingly, the locations where  Boeing will create jobs are  comparatively  low-cost viz. Everett Washington and Wichita Kansas. Airbus. the competing French company, also had a low cost location in Mobile, Alabama but I guess two locations with jobs sound better than one. So if you are an aerospace worker in a high cost location like Hartford,Connecticut you are looking at a  colleague  with a cost of living and wage  that is about 25% less in Alabama and Kansas and about 10% less in Washington.Try the calculator here.

Washington State  has  a highly educated workforce  that come in cheaper than a similar workforce in say Connecticut or Massachusetts. The bulk of the lesser skilled jobs  will be  in Kansas. One has to wonder about folks in high cost locations that loose out as companies have to move to lower cost  locations  even within the US  for defense business where US production is mandatory. Yes suppliers' factories will get jobs across the US, nevertheless a big challenge for State leaders with high cost structures.

Facebook relationship status, DOMA and B2B Relationships

With the latest “Facebook relationship status” categories (February 2011) and the Government decision today that it will no longer defend the Marriage Act or DOMA  (Defense of Marriage Act)  B2B marketing thought is truly at a cross-roads. Because ever since Dwyer,Schurr and Oh’s 1987 article on relationship marketing, the customer funnel has been seen as  B2B partners proceeding through the following relationship phases viz. 1) Awareness  2) Exploration 3) Expansion 4) Commitment. The parallel logic  is based on the sociology of the traditional marriage starting with exploring possible mates,dating, engagement and marriage.CRM systems speak to this kind of linear view and to some extent SRM systems also take such a perspective.

[Note: This post from February 23, 2011 was updated for formatting issues on May 22, 2021]

Now with Facebook relationship status  categories like “Engaged”, “Civil Union,”  “domestic partnership” or   the more complicated “it’s complicated”  probably things will get  more involved in B2B relationship thinking as well. It’s early days for marketing thought to classify customers into the Facebook categories given that we don’t know exactly how you would map individual Facebook relationship categories to the inter-organizational relationships space. So  a whole lot of work is ahead for marketing thinkers.

Call it the “Facebook” effect or the impact of the younger millenial Y generation who seem to be much more tolerant of ambiguity in relationships  than older baby boomers or the more cynical Gen X. As Gen Y age and hold more important organizational positions, their world view will probably shape the B2B relationship field both in theory and practice.

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Disintermediation with Technology and the Indian phone booth

Three years ago I posted about the cell phone charging business in India and my friend Devinder the owner of the shack like structure here. This January, almost exactly three years later I decided to catch  up with Devinder as I found him mostly at his new photocopy center in  the regular brick and cement strip mall that is adjacent to his cell phone shack.

The last three years have been great  for Devinder. He expanded to buy a store space and had it renovated to  house a swanky men’s hair salon.A little alcove beneath the staircase facing the  walkway,is  his new heavy duty photocopier. The hair salon has six barbers who do a great job for Rs. 30 ( about 60 cents if you convert and about $4 if you consider purchasing power parity), and it seems to be always busy.Devinder just has to turn around and open a window to supervise the salon,when needed. The photocopy service is also booming at  1 Rupee a page  with the plethora of photocopies you need for almost anything. The original shack is managed by his kid brother.

There is a problem in the main cell phone re-charge business because now large segments of customers seem to be directly dealing with the cell phone companies via bank debit and the cell phone. So Devinder is attempting to find new opportunities in collecting courier mail in the main shack , another photocopier etc . Just like the long distance manned phone booths disappeared as long distance cell phone calling became cheaper, Devinder explained, he’s getting ready to cope with the dis-appearing retail in the cell phone re-charge business.

It’s sort of interesting how very small businesses like phone booths are trying to deal with the dis-intermediation problem caused by technology. Devinder’s customers are “bottom of the pyramid” and as they gain access to banking and cell phones they can directly deal with the cell phone companies, eliminating intermediaries. The cell phone companies are obviously eager to cut agents and commissions. One more example of disintermediation and technology and the entrepreneur’s attempts to diversify and innovate.

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Libya- is it time for private initiative to help Build,Operate,Transfer (BOT) democracy ?

One was aghast at seeing Libyan diplomats defect the Gaddafi Government. Diplomats are usually  very circumspect folks and this brings up the idea of private initiatives to Build, Operate and Transfer (BOT) democracies in entire parts of he world.

Seems like an unusual business idea but by the time official folks in the UN and member nations are able to get going ,countless lives will be ruined in different parts of the Arab world. This will  cause more damage than disease because they are caused by not being able to get democratic governments organized and functioning peacefully and quickly.

Typically, global Government consulting firms look for a) first a  functioning Government and then b) For some project that asks for help in improving systems,processes etc. Now they need to move more upstream, that is help in setting up Governments that are elected and perhaps help with elections.

Since the break-up of the Soviet Union, the awakening in the Arab world throws up enormous opportunity for private involvement in getting democracies to function.The skills and know-how exist among serving and retired personnel in the  UN,NATO forces etc. to advise,guide and hand-hold on issues like  holding proper elections, helping with writing constitutions,getting security forces trained, getting businesses and employment opportunities going, improving status of women,literacy education and health. In fact, a lot of folks need urgent help with devising playbooks for getting their societies on track ASAP.

In other words firms in the Government advising space need to move more upstream to offer help and advise in quickly getting functioning governments going. With gas expected to reach $5 a gallon there is not much time to loose, whether you  live  in the developed or developing countries. Libyan diplomats seem to have done the right thing in speaking up, it’s up to the rest of the world including private organizations to now step up.To begin with, the UN should start reaching out to Government consulting firms that already have some footprint in the middle east.

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Effecting change- leading by building consensus

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The leadership change at Time magazine after new CEO Jack Griffin was asked to quit  in six months is surprising. Obviously Jack Griffin is a highly talented and effective manager. In fact this report suggests that there was agreement in the organization about most of the initiatives that he was trying to put in place at Time.

Similarly,the Wisconsin situation with Governor Scott Walker re-iterating that he is only trying to implement election promises is not going well, with comparisons of protester crowd sizes to the middle-east protester crowds!

Both these leaders were trying to effect change in their organizations that probably a majority of their stakeholders would agree with,at least privately. The dispute seems to be around the manner in which change was introduced and that a significant ,vocal  minority of detractors could not be persuaded to join in with  the leader's vision.

Building consensus is difficult, but just an effort in trying to do so makes change easier. In fact, those who disagree might not change their minds but would at least agree with some of the goals that the leader is trying to achieve. Let's see how Wisconsin and the rest of the cash strapped State Government-Employee arguments pan out.

Google vs. Facebook is about competition vs. co-operation

Google in 2011 (February 17, 2011)is getting weaker than Facebook according to Fortune. At the crux of this phenomenon is competition vs, co-operation. Because “organizing the world’s information” essentially is about an Internet searching individual’s ( a competitive  trait) ability to now share that search’s most relevant results with her/his friends via Facebook that appeals to the searcher’s co-operative spirit.

[Note: This post from February 17, 2011] is updated May 22, 2021 for formatting issues]

We are sort of amazed at the number of times this blog is shared on Facebook after it is discovered via Google. Invariably after being made a “Facebook favorite” somebody else seems to read the content putting the power of social media to work.And this phenomenon is rising over the last six months.

Clearly, individuals are in an “individualistic-competitive” mode that motivates them to search Google and once they feel that something is useful they share with their friends. And if your trusted friend shares something with you, you are likely to consider that link as credible as a top result in Google’s organic results.

In other words, Google needs to see itself as at least partially as an upstream supply chain provider of information with downstream distribution via Facebook and other social media.

Google and Bing rankings do account for social media sharing of pages, so  competition and cooperation  are likely to coexist in the information age, as will supply chains and distribution channels. With Google becoming the supply chain that supplies information which is partially re-distributed by social media like Facebook and Twitter.

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How the Internet affects business : Borders files for bankruptcy

If you went (February 2011) to a mall with the Borders Bookstore  and wanted  to relax- the Borders Bookstore with Seattle coffee was the place to go. The problem was that you would check prices at Amazon on your Blackberry/iPhone and  would  often postpone your purchase. Being inside the mall meant good traffic for Borders  but not necessarily sales. In contrast, you really make a trip to Barnes and Noble with a much firmer intent to buy. Also, there are all manner of promotions,incentives to buy at Barnes and Noble compared to Borders. Keep in mind that almost everyone who buys from both stores is likely to have bought online from Amazon.com.

With no coffee for customers or real estate,store staff,store heating,cooling and cleaning costs it really is no fair competition between Borders and Amazon ! The changing  book retailing business was  addressed at least partially by Barnes and Noble with upgrades to  the store experience complete with Starbucks coffee and a great ambiance, fine  tuning their store offers to match up to the Amazon prices plus postage. A major foray into on-line book retailing by Barnes and Noble helped them to stay in business, at least  for now.

Borders has a restructuring loan from GE Capital for $505 million and at least 200 of the 650 stores are expected to close. Employment at Borders had reduced from 35,000 to 19,5000 in the last 5 years according to the NY times. Closing another 200 stores would cost at least 6000 jobs nationwide.

We saw the  travel industry,music industry,newspaper industry  and yesterday the stock exchange industry change drastically because of the Internet and technology.

Whatever your industry, it really is important to look squarely and urgently at what technology and the Internet is doing to your industry- no matter what industry you are in.

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Innovation and Change: NYSE merger with German Deutsche Boerse

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NYSE might be renamed as the German Deutshe Boerse shareholders control 60% of the combined entity.While  everyone will nostalgically miss the “NYSE” acronym on print,TV,News and the Internet , the combined entity has interesting plans.

The combined entity will be able to offer greater value in their value chain of pre-trade,trade and  post-trade apart from a huge presence in USA and Europe. They hope to re-invent the stock exchange industry and category.

Words like “value  chain” remind you of the auto industry,while the word “category” is used in the FMCG space and tackling the US and European market could be for almost anything. Also I wonder if people really think of the “stock exchange” as a global “industry” in the first place !

But that is innovation and change as equity trading becomes less profitable for the exchange industry. Plans include growing the volume in complex and more novel products like derivatives and futures in place of the simple equity share. The latter is perceived warily by the small investor, at least after the melt-down, and most of the volume comes from day traders where the stock exchange makes less and less money as technology becomes easier and cheaper. The NYSE -Deutsche Boerse entity hopes to grow their revenues on new products and obviously expects that traders and eventually small investers will participate in trading of derivatives,futures and other new products.

Facebook not a waste of time- prove Egyptians

Betty White on Saturday Night Live made the famous comment that Facebook sounded like a "huge waste of time". Well,the Egyptians proved today that it is not!  President Mubarak stepped down after a non-violent street protest unprecedented in recent memory.

By all accounts Facebook (and Twitter) made the Egyptian revolution possible. Online communication helped rally Egyptians, rally support from the outside world and in all likelihood was used to communicate between the Egyptian military and the public. The latter is very likely because in these situations some security person always tends to get provoked and there is some sort of escalation. Unless there was huge regular communication, it would have been really difficult to keep the military calm and in good humor with the protestors throughout.

Anyway, with the Egyptian revolution I guess everyone needs to see the potential of change and innovation with social networking websites. Organizations, value chains in business,teachers,parents need to re-look at what great things social networking can do.

For starters, to celebrate the Egyptian revolution, I joined Facebook today !